How an HR Practitioner should ensure the services they provide are timely and effective

With reference to the HR Practitioners role within my company i will show how we meet the customers needs in a timely and effective manner. Prensently i work for Leicestershire Police and my role as a HR Clerk mainly entails the recruitment side of things. Which also entails job fairs, seminars and marketing fairs. Additionaly to this i will do general admin duties where will answer or update employees queries, deal with the sickness line and fit notes and maintain employee records.At present we are recruiting between 200 – 250 people who are at several different stages of the process. Understanding customer needs (include examples of 3 different customers and 1 need for each, and explain how would you priotise conflicting needs) We entertain a wide variety of customers within our HR department, the 3 key users that we deal with are the external and internal candidates, employees and management. Internal and External candidatesEach recruitment selection can require different p rocesses  · to keep them updated with the whole process from start to end, i.e successfull at short listing, interview/asssement dates, have been successfull/unsuccessfull at interview, vetting medical and employment reference checks.  · provide them induction days and training if required for thyat specific role.  · For some areas of our vacancies we have a pool of candiates that would go into cohorts. How we priotise who would go in each one would be whos passed their assessments/interviews, fitness tests, how quickly other departments we work alongside would complete their side of things.Employees · Main needs would to keep thier records upto date with sickness, awards, training, change in circumstances, performance developement reviews.Management  · To keep line managers informed of new starters, what their scheldues would be, induction lists to provide the new starter and to make sure they settle into their new efficiently and to inform them if they need any additiona l help. make sure that the new candidate completes the manditoryDisplay Screen Equipment Survey (DSE) so that the they are working in a comfortable environment.  · Update managers with any sicknessesWith these main 3 customers the HR Service Centre can show that they provide a broad range of services that meet to the customers standards. We update the relavent people with the correct information but would uphold the confidentiality around sensative or personal records. Effective communication (includes examples of 3 different communication methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each) Within in the HR service centre we use several different methods of communication, the ones we find most effective in our line of work are by telephone, writing or emailing.Telephone Communication · The quickest way to contact someone is by phone, this way we are able to talk through various process and get quick confirmation from people. you would also get a sense of what the person is lik e.  · The disadvantage of using the phone is that you have no recording of what has been said or agreed to, and the full meaning/point might not get across to them.Email Communication · The benefit of emails is that it is the quickest way to keep people informed about various things and get answers back almost immediatley, tranfer details to various people at the same time. If they are internal employee/ candidates we can keep the emails restricted so they cannot be accessed from outside forces. We would also be able to keep an audit trail of what has been said or agreed to.  · Disadvantage would be that if the email is unrestricted others would be able to access it, would go to the wrong person and would not be classed as official confirmation.Written Communication · Would go directly to relavent person. More offical when sending out contracts, update letters references. Would be able to keep a copy of the letter we send out with the persons file.  · On the other hand let ters can easily be lost in the post, employees and candidtaes can claim to have not recieved it. Written communication can also take longer between replys. Effective service delivery (include: delivering service on time, delivering service on budject, dealing with difficult customers, handling and resolving complaints)All services that we provide needs to be processed in a timely manner. In the recruitng side we have a time frame of 8-12 weeks to recruitment candidates, we do have some longer to time frames for people who are in the pools. With more everyday queries we recieve generally take 24 hours to at least action if answer any questions.

Educational Value of Travelling Essay

Travelling has been universally recognized to have great educational values. In Western advanced societies, education is considered incomplete without travelling. It has been a delightful experience of mankind from time immemorial. Going place to place and meeting various people have been enjoying for people. Today, travelling has become all the more enjoying and comfortable. We have fast-moving trains, deluxe buses, metro-railways, luxury steamers, ships, aeroplanes and many other means of travelling. It does not take too much time in travelling a long distance. We do not have to suffer the severity of weather due to advanced means of transport communication. Travelling is a powerful aid to education. It provides an experience of the world. By travelling we come in connect people of different caste, colour, creed and community to get familiarity with their tradition, culture, customs, has costumes and their style of living. This helps in the better understanding. It sharpens our intellect and broaden us our outlook. Travelling offers us the first-hand knowledge of things we shed off all our prejudices. It develops our personality and our communication skills. Mere bookish knowledge to the development of all around personality. It gives theoretical knowledge. We get only the sketchy picture of which is not complete. By travelling we see people, places with our own eyes. Visual impression is this impression. It remains in our mind for a long time. Objects like history, geography and social sciences can better through travelling, it provides us first-hand knowledge about these things. Geography appears to be a dull and uninteresting subject if it is taught in the classroom. But when the Merits are taken to a trip to the Himalayan regions or Gangetic plans the learning becomes interesting. Travelling turns this boring subject into a lively and absorbing one. However, qualified a person may be, if he not undertaken travelling, his understanding is limited and outlook remains narrow. He is less accommodating in his comparison to those who have widely travelled. Ivey are liberal in their outlook. They have maturity of judgment. Travelling promotes international understand and the relations. It creates goodwill. It brings people closer. Increments our relations with various states and countries. The seeds of natural integration and international happy in the present day, world the understanding between various nations of the world are a great necessity. There can be no peace without international understanding. So, it should be made an integral part of our curricular.

Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 9

Auditing - Essay Example The accountants ensure that this system has all components and that it functions efficiently. This paper will study risk-based auditing and assess the objectives and elements of internal control system while making reference to Emerald Fitness Studios. Risk-based auditing is a review whereby the auditor concentrates on the risky areas of a business (Gray, & Manson, 2011). The auditor uses more resources to assess the risky areas more than the non-risky areas of a business. This form of auditing takes place in three stages that include: comprehending of an organization’s environment and processes, identifying risks and their impacts, and then concluding on those risks. The first stage of risk-based auditing involves understanding the environment of a business. The environment includes the daily activities and processes that take place in the organization (Ricchiute, 2003); for example, selling is a process that takes place in an organization on a daily basis. The auditor studies this activity from when a customer orders a product to the time that client receives that good and pays for it. In the case of Emerald Fitness Studios, the auditor should spend the day understanding the activities that the accountant, technicians, instructors, and the manager undertake. This means that the auditor has to spend some evenings in the office to relate with the accountant’s duties because the accountant works at night at the back office. The second stage of risk-based assessment involves identifying risks and their impacts to the organization’s records and going concern (Ricchiute, 2003). This is because all organizations operate in a setting that is filled with uncertainties. The statutory auditor of EFS should identify the uncertainties that the organization faces; for example, the organization faces compliance, operational, and financial uncertainties. The statutory accountant should then determine the effects of the occurrence of these risks on the

Online Gambling Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Online Gambling - Term Paper Example Utilitarian theory is divided into several forms; act, rule, negative and preference utilitarianism. All these types of utilitarian theory were used to explain the actions of individual’s morals in the society (Pettit, 1993). In the case of online gambling, utilitarian theory would support the action if the outcome of the gambling process will yield greatest happiness to the participants (Harris, 2002). In this case the benefit would be financial; it disregards the laws of the land when it comes to gambling rules. If the participant get maximum utility in their actions then that would be considered as morally right. As much as utilitarian theory focuses on utility there are some objections and difficulties in justifying the benefit generated by an action, firstly there is a difficulty in measuring the degree of pleasure or happiness, secondly it disregards the opinions of the majority, thirdly it neglects the motives and intentions of the actions and finally it gives emphasis on pleasure and disregards the impact of the action on the participants (Brandt, 1992). Kantian theory is also known as deontology theory, it states that persons are obliged to act or behave in a certain manner regardless of the outcome or results (Blackburn, 2001). According to Kant some actions are considered as morally wrong even if they give a positive outcome, the outcome is judged separately from the action i.e. deontologists do not equate the right from a good outcome. The will to act determines the moral worth of an action and is the only thing that can be said to be good without qualification. Good will is the action done in accordance with the moral duty or law. These moral categories are referred to as imperatives and are divided into the following types; Using reasoning and application of this principle we can identify if an action is morally permissible. For instance an action like online gambling could be taken as good. Imagining a scenario

Project managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Project managment - Assignment Example Company will cater premium product in hot beverages and will cover different types of teas and coffees. Shop will also provide complimenting products like cupcakes, pastries and other bakery items. People can have casual chats and enjoy the drink. Small meetings can also be held by the professional in the comfortable environment of the outlet. Shop will though provide take away keeping in mind that professionals of Murphy Street are busy most of the times. The name of the shop will be Tà © y cafà ©. The outlet will not focus on a single product, but it will focus on both tea and coffees. This way tà © y cafà © will not miss any professional in the Murphy Street. The project will be to establish the shop in Murphy Street. If the business start up is successful then more market will be covered with penetrating other regions and markets. An online ordering system will also be built. This will be helpful in catering the customers who are busy even during lunch hours and cannot come to tà © y cafà © to buy their beverage. The online system will deliver the coffee and tea to the office of the customer and will collect cash. This system will be cash on delivery. Customer can place an order for their customized beverage via the email system. As soon as the order is placed, the product will be prepared and delivered on an immediate basis. Project management is defined as the planning of the organization’s human resource and other resource in order to achieve a specific goal or complete a specific project (Gray, Larson and Desai, 2006). Project management is a task aspect where the organization utilizes its resource to achieve one time task (Kerzner, 2013). It is not ongoing work but rather is one time project which is achieved by organizing, planning, motivating and controlling different resources (Brotherton, Fried, and Norman, 2008). A

Why is prison overcrowding a growing concern in the US Research Paper

Why is prison overcrowding a growing concern in the US - Research Paper Example The challenge is costing tax payers more money, in US, there are many people behind bars than any other country in the world. According to current statistics by Wagner and Sakala (2014), it is estimated that between 1.4 million to 2 million people in US are in prison. The numbers of people released in jails inclusive of local jails are approximately 688,000. Collection of all information provides a clear perspective of number of prisoners in United States. According to the authors, the U.S. hold 2.4 million people in all states prisons including 1719 states prisons, 2259 juvenile correctional centers, 79 Indian jails, 102 federal confinements, military, immigration and civil confinements. Crowding of correctional facilities is quite significant to prisoners, tax payers and the officials working in confinement centers. An analysis of the topic is important, measures taken to correct problems arising from crowding or overcrowding of state prison can only be done by a study of the topic. This makes it quite significant to every citizen in US. They provide views on how to tackle such difficulties. The crowding effect in US correctional facilities started in early the 1980s due to an increase in criminal activities such as drug use. The war on drugs with tough policies increased the number of inmates in the U.S. Research shows that the U.S. has the highest number of inmates in the world; they are currently higher than prisoners held in Russian and South Africa. Prisons in the southern part of the United States have more inmates that any other region. The state of Alabama contains the highest number of prisoners than any other state. Despite the highest number of prisoners held in Alabama, they also have small number of staff. However, federal prisons in the U.S. saw a decline in the number of admission of prisoners in 2009. There was an increase of prisoners by 430%, which saw the number of prisoners rising from 294,000 to

Students eye careers in creating mobile applications Research Paper

Students eye careers in creating mobile applications - Research Paper Example After analyzing the external environment, the business proposal focuses on the internal issues. The internal assessment requires different requirements such as business name and the products that shall be provided to the potential customers. In the similar fashion, the next part elaborates rationale and reasons that were used to select a particular business. Having entertained these objectives, the business proposal elaborates mission, vision, goals and objectives. Being strategic in nature, it was highly important to consider these factors before moving ahead. The PESTLE analysis The PESTLE analysis takes into account and evaluates external business environment. The political aspect of the analysis considers political dimensions of the external business environment. In the business proposal, the UAE’s political environment remains investment friendly and supports investment activities in the country. The economic analysis considers external economic factors which directly or indirectly affect businesses and their operations. It takes into account GDP rate, trade balance and so on. The social analysis considers social issues. It uses education, health, population and other indicators and evaluates them in the light of objectives. In the business proposal, the UAE education graph has been constantly increasing, showing the resolve of the UAE government toward the education cause. The technological analysis puts light on technology related issues. The UAE is experiencing a substantial growth in the IT and telecommunication industry. In this regard, the role and contribution of DSO has been remarkable towards the technological development of the UAE. The legal analysis takes into account the legal aspects that are prevalent in the external environment. The UAE has most efficient and competent judicial system. The environmental analysis describes environment-related issues. It takes into account pollution, CO2 emissions, green house gases and other issues af fecting local or international environment. The UAE government has introduced EIA program. The main objective is to assess environment and factors affecting the environment. For that purpose, the UAE government has put in place strong measures. Business name, products and services This segment includes business name, products and services that the company shall provide to potential users. U-Phone Mobile Company Limited has been proposed name for the company. The company shall be registered with this name and having patent rights attached with the name. The proposed business shall offer numerous mobile applications development that include iPhone, Android, BlackBerry OS shall be used to develop different mobile applications. Reasons for selecting the business The purpose of this section is to highlight the reasons behind the selection of the proposed business and the proposed industry. It takes into account different angles and measures which are relevant to the proposed business and the proposed industry. This segment has a considerable significance in comparison with the other segments of the business proposal. First, it highlights the specific industry and its current business, marketing, demand and supply aspects of the business. It not only focuses on the mobile users, but also indicates the changing trends and patterns from the traditional use of the mobile services to the

Holywood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Holywood - Essay Example However, the film can also be classified under other different genres. These include; Suspense, Thriller, based on, and Adaptation. James Stewart, a professional photographer, breaks his leg photographing a racetrack accident. Also a dance that Stewart nicknames "Miss Lonelyhearts" from the tenants window is also evident of the dramatic element in the film (John, 6). The principal theme in Real Window film is the crime-thriller theme and the relationship theme. The films tell us a story of a handicapped photographer who broke his leg while taking racetrack accident photos. From the actions that he observes in his apartment, he suspects that the murder had happened. The relationship theme is evidenced by the romance between Lisa and Jeff. The bigger ideas that the film is pointing to us is unity and matters relating to relationship. We learn that for us to get the love we must chase it (Honan, 11). The two main analytical positions that we can view this film are gender dynamics and personal attitudes. The film strongly opposes the negative attitude towards women and dictates how women should be treated. For instance, our "gaze" towards Lisa is controlled through the film. The feminist perspective have frequently been used in the film to advocate for fair treatment of women (Honan, 11). Real Window has maintained its ability to create fear, panic and tension to a high extent. Despite its ancient production techniques, it is among the best films to watch. If this film had seamless special effects in the modern film industry, it could be the best movie of the season. Sigmund Freud was a creative writer whom Alfred heavily relied on for ideas. Sigmund was therefore frequently associated with Hitchcock’s films (John,

Property Crowd Funding Position Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Property Crowd Funding Position - Essay Example There are three types of crowdfunding, which include donation, debt, and equity. Donation crowdfunding is mostly related to noble causes, where most people decide to invest simply for they believe in the purpose of Crowdfunding. Similarly, debt crowdfunding is based on the concept of peer-to-peer lending process1. In debt crowdfunding, the entire process revolves around lending money, wherein the investors expect to receive their interest on their invested amount and thus, gain profits. In this case of debt crowdfunding, along with the financial returns, investors also aim at gaining the benefit of contributing to the success of a particular purpose, which they believe as worthwhile. Additionally, in the case of equity crowdfunding, people invest in exchange for equity. Fundamentally, here the money is exchanged with the shares. Correspondingly, it can be stated that when the funding is successful, the community’s share value goes up, and vice-versa2. It is worth mentioning in this regard that both debt crowdfunding and equity crowdfunding can be related to property crowdfunding concepts, wherein investors tend to buy a real estate in order to sell it or let it out in order to obtain profits or returns. Aimed at elaborating on the context of property crowdfunding, the discussion henceforth will elaborate on two main themes, which are property or real estate and crowdfunding. In the view of today’s competitive global business world, crowdfunding in real estate has emerged as a new investment option with secured high returns for many. It was following this augmentation in the rate of property crowdfunding that the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act of 2012 was brought into effect in the US. This new rule was intended to allow all the investors from every income level to gain direct access to the real estate market with the help of crowdfunding.  

The Rape of Lucrece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Rape of Lucrece - Essay Example The first stanzas of the poem acknowledge how poetic rhetoric is used in the work to repress praise and violence. Generally the poem highlights the rhetoric behind sexual violence especially in the American culture today which sometimes tends to be hipped with ironical praises. In the rape of Lucrece by Joel Fineman, Lucrece has the confidence to speak after the rape incidence. This incidence limits her ability to celebrate her life sacrifice by acting precisely (Fineman 170). At this juncture, we do not believe the performers. Someone who has been robbed off her innocence will be understood better if she is presented quite, worried and in a state of shock which is contrary to the rape of Lucrece by Joel Fineman. In addition, Lucrece’s suicide is cast as the only way women can intervene politically (Fineman 171). Once someone has committed suicide, she will be gone forever, how can this same person come back to enjoy the political favors sought after. The rape of Lucrece by Joel Fineman’s performance is

Howard Hughes Essay Example for Free

Howard Hughes Essay Howard Hughes, one of the most mysterious men in America. He achieved the American dream by not only becoming wealthy but he also built an empire. A businessman, plane designer, movie producer, industrialist, was great in everything he focused in. Had and enormous wealth and intellect, and he also had achievement. He fortune with hard work in any job and with his great influential ideas. Howard Robard Hughes Jr. was born in Houston, Texas on December 24, 1905. He was the son of Allene Gano Hughes and Howard Robard Hughes Sr. , who invented the tri-cone roller bit which allowed rotary drilling for oil in previously inaccessible places. He also founded the Hughes Tool Company to commercialize this invention. Howard’s parents died when he was still a child; he inherited a considerable part of his father’s million dollar fortune. Howards goals as a child were to become the best golfer, the best pilot, and the best movie producer. Despite the fact that he attended great schools, he never got a diploma. His father arranged for him to attend math and engineering classes at the California Institute of Technology. Then he enrolled in the now-called Rice University. Hughes is best known as an aviation genius, because of all of his the designs, ideas, and invention of airplanes. He is famous for the H-4 Hercules, also known as the â€Å"Spruce Goose†, and is also known because of his eccentric behavior. He set many world records while flying that seemed unreachable in his time. On September 13, 1935, he set a new speed record aboard his H-1 Racer by setting a speed of 566 km per hour, the previous record was 505 km per hour. This H-1 was donated to the Smithsonian Institute in 1975; now it is on display at the National Air and Space Museum. On January 19, 1937, he set a trans-continental speed record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds. On 1938 he set a record by flying around the world in 3 days and 19 hours; the preceding record was more than four hours. Hughes also received many awards; some are: the Harmon Aviatrix Trophy (1936 and in 1938) which is given for the most outstanding international achievements, the Collier Trophy (1939) which is the most prestigious award in the aviation field, and the Octave Chanute Award (1940) which is given for engineering innovations. Howard Hughes purchased Transcontinental and Western Air (TWA) in 1939. This company grew along with his chairman Jack Frye. TWA broke Pan Am’s legal designation as the US sole international carrier, so TWA began transatlantic flights using the new Lockheed â€Å"Connie†, which was used as both a civilian airliner and U.S. military air transport plane. In 1950, the airline changed its name to Trans World Airlines (TWA), because it offered flying routes from Europe to all Asia until Hong Kong. Later with the Transpacific Route Case of 1969, TWA was able to fly in the Pacific Ocean too. TWA and Pan Am were the only U.S. airlines serving Europe. One of Hughes’s most famous designs was the H-4 Hercules, also known as the Spruce Goose. This was a jumbo boat that flew; it was specially designed for carrying soldiers in a war. The idea was to use it in World War II, but unfortunately the Hercules was finished just after the end of the war. This plane was another satisfactory idea of Hughes, because it successfully flew once with Hughes in control. This is why Howard had to testify against the Senate War Investigating Committee, but they failed to file a final report because the government didn’t permit planes made out of aircraft aluminum. So Hughes had to make the plane out of hard close-grained wood so he could accomplish his contract with the U.S. Government. This plane was on display next to RMS Queen Mary in Long Beach, California for many years, but now it is in McMinnville, Oregon where it is part of the Evergreen Aviation Museum. On July 7, 1946, Hughes was flying a prototype plane of the US Army, made by him, when an oil leak changed the way a propeller had to work. The plane started to drop down and crashed in a Beverly Hills neighborhood. When the plane finally stopped, after destroying three houses, the fuel tanks exploded, setting fire to the plane and a close house. In the accident, Hughes got a crushed collar bone, six crushed ribs and some third-degree burns, but besides this it affected him the rest of his life. With this he turned into a more unusual person because he developed an addiction to opiates because of use of morphine as a painkiller during his rehabilitation. He turned into an isolated person, developing a disease known as hypochondria, which makes a person preoccupied with physical health and body. This person believes, fears or is convinced that he has a serious disease, despite medical reassurance. Hughes became so isolated the he was inside a room for a little over 8 months, only opening the room for food carefully inspected for any germ. The main reason he left the room in 1947 was because he was called to testify. Senator Ralph Owen Brewster opposed the commercial interest of Howard Hughes. He said that Howard had received $40 million from the Defense Department without actually delivering the aircraft he had contracted to provide (which was the H-4 Hercules). Even though Hughes had everything against him, he combated Brewster with the same anger, accusing him of being corrupt. Hughes spread rumors about the senator’s close association with Pan Am (Hughes’s rival company), alleging that he received free flights and other things in return for help beating TWA. The senator also passed a bill to remove government approval for TWA flights across the Atlantic. Hughes openly said that Brewster had promised an end to the Senate investigation if he would agree to merge TWA with Pan Am. In reply, the senator, annoyed by the accusations, stood aside from leading the investigation to become a witness before the committee. He denied Hughes’s accusations and made several opposing accusations, but failed to harm Hughes. The senator’s reputation suffered greatly from this incident with Hughes. Howard Hughes died on April 5, 1976, at the age of 70 when he was going on an airplane from his penthouse in Mexico to a hospital in Houston. The autopsy showed that he died because of a kidney failure, plus in his bloodstream it appeared that he had 1.9 micrograms of codeine. This dose of codeine is more than fatal, and together with a good amount of valium it makes it fatal. Hughes was unrecognizable due to his long years of recluse. His hair, beard, finger and toe nails were disgustingly long. Doctors said that malnutrition to his 6’4† body helped him on his death, because he only weighed 90 lbs. Since he was too unrecognizable, the FBI had no other choice than to use the fingerprint identification to identify the body. Howard is buried in the cemetery of Glenwood in Houston. Hughes is worth writing research paper, because he is a genius on mostly everything related to plane designs. It is good to know that thanks to this man we are able to move fast and around the world. Jets are a great innovation on planes; Howard was the one of inventors of the jet propulsion airplanes, but wasn’t able to make the most out of them, because of his illness. I believe he is an inspiration for most of the youths out there wanting to study engineering, I think this is true, because Howard is my inspiration because of the great example he represents. Besides being a plane genius he was also a movie director producer which is also another reason why this man is a good research topic. Bibliography: Johnson, Bobby H. Howard Hughes The World Net Encyclopedia. Ed. Robert O Zeleny. Chicago World Enc. Inc, 1990. PBS Chasing the Sun- Howard Hughes [Online] Available http://www.pbs.org/Kcet/chasing the sun/innovators/hhughes.html, September 9, 2003. Golden Ages [Online] Available http://nationalaviation.org/museum-enshrinee/asp?eraid=3enshrineeid=302, September 12, 2003. Donald L. Bartlett and James B. Steele, Empire: The Life, Legend, and Madness of Howard Hughes (New York: Norton, 1979). Charles Barton, Howard Hughes and His Flying Boat (Fallbrook, California: Aero, 1982). Michael Drosin, Citizen Hughes (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1985). Howard Hughes, My Life and Opinions, ed. Robert P. Eaton (Chicago: Best Books Press, 1972). Robert Maheu, Next to Hughes: Behind the Power and Tragic Downfall of Howard Hughes, by His Closest Advisor (New York: HarperCollins, 1992). Harold Rhoden, High Stakes: The Gamble for the Howard Hughes Will (New York: Crown, 1980). Robert W. Rummel , Howard Hughes and TWA (Washington: Smithsonian Press, 1991). Tony Thomas, Howard Hughes in Hollywood (Secaucus, New Jersey: Citadel Press, 1985)

Analysis of Hypocrisy in Adventures Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Hypocrisy in Adventures Essay The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, takes place in a time in age where the deficits of society are so intricately interwoven and ignored upon the individuals that make up that society. This results in hypocrisy that constantly plays a crucial part in how Mark Twain depicts the society that participates in such irrational activity. Characters, that Huck and Jim meet as they head for their freedom, which for Jim is slavery, and for Huck is the enslavement through civilization which is â€Å"practiced† by such a hypocrite society. Both are searching for freedom that is well defined in their own parameters; but are kept under constant hypocrisy in the pursuit to achieve their freedom. However, hypocrisy by a â€Å"civilized† society is as dominant in today’s society as it was in the time that Huck and Jim encountered it. Even though today’s, hypocrisies take a new shape and form and are interwoven with daily activities. They are given as much attention as any â€Å"civilized† society would. Although the hypocrisies that are evident in Huckleberry Finn might be in the form of the judge allowing Huck’s father, to keep him in custody, well knowing that he a drunkard would kill Huck to get his money. To the ignorance, of towns people and the nieces who were scammed by the duke and king. Everyone had taken so much self-esteem into the fact that the nieces had accepted the duke and king as their uncles that no one gave a second thought, even when it was publicly announced by Dr.  Robinson; as every â€Å"civilized† person who knew right from wrong sprang upon the doctor, trying to subdue him. As the greatest hypocrisy that took place in the book, was due to the time period itself; a time of white supremacy and racial prejudice, that took place everywhere, a time of slavery. These individuals who Huck ran away from to avoid being civilized, were themselves uncivilized due to the way they treated slaves who are non-other than human beings as well. Implying the fact that it is impossible for a society who owns and treats slaves as uncivilized people themselves can never be just. While, we see this constantly throughout our society today, as people call others fat, anorexic, sub-standard, not cool, not cute, irrational, and stupid; while they themselves have a bottomless pit of ignorance, leading to their own oblivion. Today’s society is actually worse than before in the sense that we are not only fed these things as a child; but we have to incorporate it into daily life through the influence of others, such as parents, media, and peers. Making our very existence, self-evident of such a paradox that can only derive from hypocrisy of a so called â€Å"civilized† society. As the time Mark Twain had written this novel, many social flaws existed within the fabrics of the community as a whole. The book played a major role within the cultural context of the era due to the fact that Jim, who was a slave and Huck a freeman were able to bond and have such an amazing journey together. Within this journey, Twain had interwoven several moments, that on the surface seemed like a norm at the time, but exploited several social flaws that would have otherwise been dismissed by ignorance. Resulting in a successful message from the author, hopefully allowing one to see at that time in age what horrid activities they take place in on a day to day basis, when viewed upon by another person’s spectacle.

Democracy According To Karl Popper

Democracy According To Karl Popper Karl Popper (1902-1994) was one of the most provocative philosophers and thinkers of the twentieth century. Born in Vienna, he grew up in a city witnessing great intellectual ferment and cultural excitement. One of his most celebrated and well-known books, The Logic of Scientific Discovery, appeared in Germany in 1934; it marked Poppers decisive break with the philosophers who formed the prestigious Vienna Circle and exposed many of his most influential arguments and ideas, above all we should remember his theory on the growth of scientific knowledge. On the eve of World War Two, Poppers life took a dramatic turn: because of the threat of German invasion, in 1937 he was urged to leave his own country and he emigrated to New Zealand where, reflecting on the tyranny that was sweeping around Europe, he wrote The Open Society and Its Enemies, published in 1945. This work is undeniably a classic, Karl Popper decided to write it in March 1938, when the Nazis invaded Austria. This personal background says a lot about Poppers motivation for writing The Open Society, and about its main theme as well. In this book as well as in The Poverty of Historicism, he attacks totalitarianism and its intellectual supports: the attempt to impose a large-scale planning on the lives of human beings in the light of holistic and historicist considerations. In order to analyze Poppers idea of democracy we shall sets out key tenets of his social and political thought, as well as a few of problems with them. The paper will try to underline Poppers conception of human nature and show how this provides a framework for his theory of history, his critique of historicism and his conception of the open society and democracy. After considering Poppers central political values of freedom and reason, well go through the political programmes of democracy and piecemeal social engineering; after these considerations it will be possible to conclude that Popper can not sustain an exhaustive anti-dogmatism and, contrary to the philosphers own declaration, his political ideas can not be classified as liberal in any honest way. Historical and Intellectual Background Even if Popper rejected Marxism in 1919, he claimed to be a socialist till 1932; it was the socialistic ethic and its idea of justice to which he retained adherence, not its political strategies. Awareness of the growth of authoritarianism in the Soviet Union and what he saw as deficiencies in the Marxist theory and practice of Austrian social democracy pressed him to revise further his political views. Both the idea and the experience of violence were catalytic. Social democracy, by holding to their threat of achieving their objectives by violent means, were implicitly provoking state authorities to a ruthless response, Popper then adopted a more traditional, liberal political stance: deciding that freedom was more important than equality he reaffirmed his rejection of violence. The central core of Poppers social and political theory resides in The Poverty of Historicism and The Open Society and Its Enemies, regarded by the author as his war effort: they were intended as a defense of freedom against the obvious impulse towards totalitarianism and authoritarianism. Poppers further espousal of the values of reason, toleration, peaceful discussion and respect for the individual all find their predecessors in Kants moral and political philosophy. The Austrian thinker extends Kants ethical precept of criticism and self-criticism providing a foundation for his philosophy of critical rationalism and joins Kants optimistic idea and hope in the possibility of obtaining social reform and peaceful relations within and between nations. Human Nature To explain human behaviour and history Popper refuses the utility of a general theory of human nature; his conception of human nature may be found in his knowledge of biology and psychology since he considers human beings similar to any organism, in that they have inborn needs or expectations. According to the author, people tend to hold on to the uniformities they discover, become afraid of change and even wish to dominate others; so if this occurs, the failure of a regularity provokes social disorder and also encourages people to create traditions and taboos. Even though the attachment to regularities is a source of dogmatism and intolerance (attitudes which are anathema to him), Popper advocates social regularities, like social traditions, more favourably than would many other liberals. He suggests that the maintenance of traditions (by which he seems to mean culture or settled ways of thinking and acting) brings order and predictability into our lives and even provides the founda tion of social structures: the important political task is to discriminate between valuable and harmful traditions. This conception of human nature has direct implications for the sort of society he wants to promote and the principles by which it is to be guided. He suggests a slow, gradual reform because this kind of change will not suddenly remove the traditions to which people have become accustomed and thereby create anxiety, terror and violence. There are many contradictions between Poppers advocacy of boldness, novelty and revolution in intellectual but not in social life: I think they might be explained more with reference to his theory of human nature than to his epistemology, even if he justifies the distinction in epistemological terms, it becomes clear that objective knowledge is preferable because of the constraints it exercises over subjective fears and impulses. This account of Poppers conception of human nature demonstrates his concern for the practical impact of ideas upon the social life of human beings, here we may notice a conservative tone in his political thought. Epistemology and History Poppers social and political thought includes a more general, speculative philosophy of history which indicates the character of historical progress. For the author, ideas are the main influences upon whether or not human progress is maintained: all social changes and conflicts, wars and revolutions can be seen as the result of conflict between opposing ideas and ideologies. Even with these conclusions, he shares with the historicists, whom he so vehemently attacks, a belief that there exists a direction to human history given by the growth of knowledge. He claims that the growth of knowledge, and thus the history of science, is the heart of all history. The social dilemmas produced by the most crucial episodes in the evolutionary history still remain; for the author these are best exemplified in the evolution of the different social arrangements that have arisen from the exercise of different human facilities. So the open and the close societies represent ideal types of two differen t stages of social and cultural evolution. According to the author where the lower biological needs are dominant, the social structure has the character of a closed society in which all social life is guided by myths and rigid taboos. A kind of magical attitude prevails, in the closed society there is no scope for self doubt and personal moral responsibility; changes in these kind of societies come about more by the introduction of new magical taboos than by ration attempts to improve social conditions. Popper affirms that the breakdown of the closed society began in Greece around 600 B.C., when new intellectual values, methods and ideas of acquiring knowledge arose together with an original style of politics. The Ionian School inaugurated a new tradition of critical thought: its innovation was to question and discuss dogmas and traditions instead of merely accepting them. Within this historical and philosophical transition, according to Popper, we can trace the emergence of a scien tific method. The ideas of criticism and democratic practice allowed human beings to commence their entrance into the open society where they could become aware of the importance of personal decisions and individual moral responsibility. Where biological and physical bonds became weaker more abstract relations, like exchange and cooperation, linked together people and groups. Democracy and the Open Society One of Poppers most striking contributions to contemporary political thought maybe found in his conception of democracy and of what he defines as open society. The idea of the open society operates both as a minimalist ideal to be sought after and as a celebration of the achievement of modern rationality and liberal democracy. Much of its appeals lies in its apparent capacity to limit the impact of our inevitable errors and to contain potentially harmful social tendencies. The open society, which is basically identified by the author as his idea of democracy, aims to promote criticism and diversity without succumbing either to violence or irreconcilable social division. This adventure in a creative and critical thougth produces conflict, but such problems are resolved by peaceful means; the values of freedom of thought and speech, toleration and individualism operate as both a motivation for, and a constraint upon, individual behavior. Those more substantial differences are to be channelled into the democratic process whereby governments can be replaced by free and regular elections. Popper recognizes the presence of certain dangers in the historical evolution of the open society: he suggests that it could become an abstract society in which social relations might become too rational but, although Popper acknowledges that modern industrial societies exhibit many such features, he denies that the process of abstraction or rationalization will actually complete itself. According to the philosopher there will always be emotional needs which human beings can not satisfy in an abstract society; in this view we see the distinction made between the private and the public sphere. The familiar function of the private sphere provides emotional and biological regeneration for authentic life in the public sphere; though Poppers neglect of the problems of unequal power and authority within family and personal life places him clearly in the mainstream of patriarchal political thought. Even though he knows, and admits, that such democracies fall short of his ideal, he is quite optimistic about their potential. Anyway we must recognize that the transition to the open society remains incomplete and its achievements are always and constantly under threat. On the one hand, biological needs, old traditions but especially the difficulties of living with rationality and personal responsibility all combine to challenge the new society; the passions of our lower nature are always liable to rise up and overthrow the controls instituted by self critical scientific rationality. On the other hand the open society may be inherently self-destructive because critical thought continually erodes those older closed traditions that sustain social institutions. Democracy performs a vital function for both politics and epistemology. I tprovides a peaceful means for reform and change pf government, while ensuring the freedom of thought and speech necessary for intellectual progress. This process encourages a pluralism of ideas and groups, it is the necessary precondition for the working out of political meaningn and aims, and is vital for the processes of critical through and the goal of emancipation through knowledge. Poppers theory of democracy typically grows out of his criticism of other approaches to government, initially Platos than Marxs. Our philosopher denies that the guiding principles of politics should be determined by answers given to the question Who should rule?, instead we should ask How can we so organize political institutions that bad and incompetent rulers can be prevents from doing too much damage? which is followed by an other essential question How can we get rid of those rulers without bloodshed and violence?. In responses, Popper argues that democracy should be founded upon a theory of check and balances: basically we are assuming that even the best rulers might fail, so this theory relies on institutional means for curbing their power. The major check is provided by periodic elections that enable people to oust their government without using violent means: this shows the difference between democracy and its opposite, tyranny which consists if governments which the ruled can not get rid of except by way of a successful revolution. He denies any true meaning or essence of democracy, but he asserts it doesnt mean the rule of people or even that the majority should rule, if only because this is impossible in any practical way. Democracy relies upon the political methods of general elections and representative government and Popper considers that these are always open to improvement; so in such a system individuals are allowed both to criticize the majoritys decisions and, within the law, to revise them. Actually Popper provides little details on the practical aspects, like the methods of representation, size and nature of electorates, and length of terms of office. He does reject proportional representation because of its origins in dubious theories of sovereignty and also because of its propensity to produce unstable coalition governments; in Poppers view, two party government is preferable if only because it allows for more serious internal self-criticism after elections defeats: his view of democracy is, in this sense, a relatively conventional elaboration of liberal pluralist principles. But on their own these principles may not guarantee the survival of liberal democracy: issues of representation, size, nature of electorates and so on all have a bearing upon weather citizens would consider themselves to be member of a legitimate democracy. A pluralist system of checks and balances may be so restrictive as to prevent a duly elected government and business to manipulate public opinion there may be little pressure at all upon those in office in order to change their policies. Assuming that the mass of people can not govern,Poppers theory of democracy may be reduced to a theory of competing elites; for this reason his procedural arguments lie within the tradition of realist and revisionist democratic theory that gives priority to competitive elites and argues for democracy as a method for choosing governments. But Popper departs from realist democratic theory because he recognizes that control over government is not all there is to creating a democratic state and society; his solution, however, is not to encourage widespread political participation but to require that the state protect democracy in two ways. First, since democracies must always be open to new ideas, protection must be given and assured to minorities, except to those who violate law and especially those who incite others to the violent overthrow of the democracy, so we must exclude just those violent changes that could put the democracy in dangerous. Second, because Popper is concerned to avoid the misuse of political power and economic power, he exhortes democratic states to engage in social and economic reforms; he strongly affirms the need of institutions to be constructed in order to protect the economically weak against the economically strong. So he sees the necessity of some sort of economic interventionism as well as some social reforms, the necessity of reforms are essential ingredients for a democratic order: the democratic system should work step by step in order to safeguard freedom form exploitation. Although such strategies create greater possibilities for increased state power and bureaucracy, these may be diminished by strengthening democratic institutions and by following the principles of piecemeal social engineering. This kind of policy is not as restrictive as it is commonly thought, but it odes rule out the nationalization and socialization of the entire private industry of a country. A separate point in favo r of piecemeal social engineering is thought to be its scientific character. Popper considers it methodologically superior to holisitc and revolutionary programmes, in part because social engineers accept the limitations of their knowledge. By reformulating key questions about democracy, Popper sidesteps some of the more usual difficulties of universalist democratic theory. By requiring state action to remedy certain kinds of social and economic problems, he offers more of a policy substance that the usual realist and proceduralist forms of democratic theory. His goal is to avoid or at least minimize the violent conflict that he sees inevitably arising from arguments over the good society. Whereas we may not be able to agree on abstract universal values, the shape of an ideal society or the ultimate good of people, we can generally reach agreement on concrete social and economic evils such as poverty and disease; Popper doesnt develop any universal values but he doesnt abandoned the m. I think a major advantage of Popper commitment to non-violence, public-criticism and freedom of speech is that allows us to retain a critical perspective upon all kinds of governments. His idea of minimal proceduralism and gradualism, for example, may accommodate democratic aspirations less developed or developing countries without subscribing to wholesale westernization and modernization. Poppers substantive policy proposals reject the radicalism of laissez-faire economics and offer the social benefits of gradualism, stability and security. Their negative utilitarianism encourages governments to ameliorate the worst aspects of individualism and capitalism, and allows a legitimate role for state intervention in society and economy. Popper combines ethical proceduralism with a requirement for state-initiated reform, his theory advances somewhat beyond the usual forms of democratic elitism and revisionism. Poppers social and political thought comprises elements which may be designed as liberal, social democratic and conservative. He deeply respects individual freedom and emphasizes the power of ideas in promoting progress while critical rationalism lies primarily within the mainstream of the liberal tradition. Nevertheless his conception of human nature is a combination of liberal and conservative assumptions, which sets out both an optimistic view of human potential and a largely pessimistic account of human needs. Poppers social vision, however, is a liberal rationalist one: an open society in which the values of freedom, reason, toleration and non-violence prevail; he suggests institutional guidelines for building and maintaining democracy, advocating policies such as piecemeal social engineering, oriented towards protecting individuals form the ravages of the market. But for a liberal philosopher, however, the guiding values of liberty, rationality, toleration and non-violence of t he open society are relatively undeveloped. Poppers conservativism is most evident in his political realism and his uncritical attitude towards contemporary liberal democracies. Underlying his stress upon the need for creative and revolutionary thought there is the fear that this will bring social disorder. Hence, such intellectual processes need to be contained within firm traditions whose overthrow cannot be countenanced except to establish a democracy. I believe we might see his political project as an attempt to provide more suitable tradtions or controls upon human thought and action; but I still find an unavoidable conflict between his liberal rationalist values and his perception of the perverse and intractable nature of individuals even if his ethical individualism and cosmopolitism differentiate him form most conservatives. Popper sees totalitarianism of all stripes as essentially tribal, as a closed society, a rebellion against the strain of civilization. He assaults it by using his philosophy of science (which greatly emphasizes falsification, i.e. the refutation of statements and theories) to criticize the doctrines of those whom Popper takes to be behind modern totalitarianism, namely Plato, Aristotle, Hegel and Marx. Brian Magee ably summarizes Poppers reasons for defending the Open Society: Because he regards living as first and foremost a process of problem-solving he wants societies which are conducive to problem-solving. And because problem-solving calls for the bold propounding of trial solutions which are then subjected to criticism and error elimination, he wants forms of society which permit of the untramelled assertion of different proposals, followed by criticism, followed by the genuine possibility of change in the light of criticism. Regardless of any moral considerations he believes that a society organized on such lines will be more effective at solving its problems, and therefore more successful in achieving the aims of its members, than if it were organized on other lines. Such a society is what Popper takes to be social democracy, entailing the prob lem-solving of piecemeal social engineering. This social democracy may indeed have once inspired the intellectual elite of the West, seeking (as many were) alternatives to fascism and communism, but today it inspires hardly anyone. And for good reason, for what else is democratic social reconstruction but that postwar system of fine-tuning the economy, the reign of countless redistributive social programs designed by politicians and social scientists to meet those alleged social needs that a host of interest groups are pressing upon the political systems of the West as non-negotiable demands? Since the Second World War, most of the Western democracies have followed Poppers advice about piecemeal social engineering and democratic social reform, and it has gotten them into a grand mess. Intervention has been piled upon intervention; regulations have been continually modified in unpredictable ways (Popper advocates such revisions in the light of experience); taxation has increased dras tically to finance social welfare programs (as has inflation, with its resulting economic fluctuations); and the unhampered market economy, so forcefully defended by Poppers close friend F. A. Hayek, has been reformed out of existence. Interventionism, piecemeal or not, has worked its inevitable way, and has led to precisely those consequences that Mises, Hayek, Rothbard and others had predicted: economic stagnation and political conflict. Democratic institutions themselves are threatened by those whose vested interests are entwined with the State apparatus. Dime store tinkering, even with freedom of criticism and revision, is leading to the closed society that Popper so fears. There is indeed nothing new in this warning; it is the theme of both Ludwig von Mises Socialism and F. A. Hayeks The Road to Serfdom. In short, the Open Society is not enough. If the Open Society is equivalent to a society in which everything and anything is open to democratic revision except the basic institutions that make democratic revision possible then Popper is only focusing on one need of human beings (that a dubious collective need), not the broader need for liberty that is implied in the outline of his argument as stated by Magee. Popper makes a great deal of noise about individualism, but nevertheless only applies the structure of that argument to collective processes of hypothesis, testing (action) and revision in the light of experience; the argument would apply to individuals as well, since they are the sole constituents of society. By focusing on this collective democratic character of the Open Society, Popper ignores the more basic need for individual liberty in art, business, science, and all other areas as well.The arguments for democracy that Popper presents, then, are in principle identical to arguments for individual liberty. It is the principle of non-aggression, the first principle of liberty, that properly limits the domain of democracy. If Poppers arguments for democracy (as opposed to his advocacy of democracy itself) are valid, then it is not the rigidity of a technology of social engineering that we should seek, but an unhampered market economy, where people can constantly act on their own judgment and can continually revise their plans in accordance with the new information brought by change. This brings us not to social democracy, but to the doctrine of libertarianism. Far more important than the principle of democracy, then, even by Poppers own arguments, is the principle of individual liberty. Liberty is paramount, democracy at best secondary: democracy is important only insofar as it is the servant of and means to the end of liberty. Thus, in following the logical implications of Poppers views (which are not, after all, that original), we move from the open society to the Free Society, and find ourselves agreeing with Michael Polanyis claim, contra Popper, that the Free Society is not an Open Society, but a society committed to a very definite set of rules. In Poppers Open Society, the principle of democracy is regarded as fixed, as not being open to revision. In the Free Society, it is the far more fundamental principle of individual liberty and non-aggression that is not open to revision (though its implications may be refined with growing knowledge). Poppers reasoning is, by and large, correct, but it is individuals who must solve problems to survive, not societies, and therefore individuals who must be free to think and act to achieve values and to revise mistaken plans and impressions in the light of experience or more critical thought. Why is it important to consider The Open Society and Its Enemies after all these years? Very simply, because these are the times when totalitarianism is on the rise, and Western democracies are in the midst of crises that are threatening the stability of their basic institutions, and perhaps even their very survival. In this battle against totalitarianism todays right-wing social democrats the neo-conservatives such as Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Irving Kristol and Daniel Bell are once again raising the banner of social democracy against tyranny. But this is pointless, for such democracy combined with social engineering and statist reforms is inherently unstable and is unjust as well. No mere democratic machinery, no mere procedure, is enough to oppose fascism or communism, not in a world of those real social dynamics that are set in motion by interventionism. Only liberty can fully oppose closed societies, and only if liberty is seen as something that is not to be bargained away or a bandoned through as series of insignificant piecemeal reforms. Liberty must be regarded as the ultimate political end, foremost among those political values held dear by reasonable men and women, the highest and most noble political form possible to human beings. I do not wish to leave the impression that The Open Society is worthless. It is indeed a heuristic work, tossing off suggestive arguments and insights on nearly every page, and the criticisms of Plato, Hegel and Marx are always pregnant ones. Popper is a great and forceful advocate of reason, science and progess, and his passionate idealism shines forth continually from the pages of this work. But so too does nearly every moth-eaten philosophical cliche around, e.g., the attack on certainty, the fact/value dichotomy, and the Humean assault on induction. Moreover, Popper is unnerving in his treatment of capitalism. Opponents of the Open Society who see it as being too coercive are slighted by Poppers astonishing smears of laissez faire, his continual granting of Marxist historical points against capitalism, and his cheerful parading before us of those democratic reforms that have all but obliterated the unhampered free market economy. Social democracy, the Open Society, has been tried and found wanting. The question that faces us now is simply whether those lovers of experiment and flexibility are experimental and flexible enough to advocate that liberty be given a chance. If it is not given that chance, there may be no tu rning back, and we may yet arrive in an era when we shall look back at the totalitarianism of the 1930s as a veritable golden age. But in one sense, at least, Popper is right: the future is ours to shape. Liberty has never been fully tried. It is the task of readers of this journal to remedy that unfortunate situation; if we do not, no one else will.

The Ghost in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay -- GCSE English Literature Cou

The Ghost in Hamlet      Ã‚   In Hamlet Shakespeare has designed a supernatural, ethereal character who lacks a physical existence, and yet who is a participating character in the drama. It is the Ghost, the subject of this essay.    Marchette Chute in â€Å"The Story Told in Hamlet† describes the ghost’s activity prior to the opening scene of Shakespeare’s tragedy:    The story opens in the cold and dark of a winter night in Denmark, while the guard is being changed on the battlements of the royal castle of Elsinore. For two nights in succession, just as the bell strikes the hour of one, a ghost has appeared on the battlements, a figure dressed in complete armor and with a face like that of the dead king of Denmark, Hamlet’s father. A young man named Horatio, who is a school friend of Hamlet, has been told of the apparition and cannot believe it, and one of the officers has brought him there in the night so that he can see it for himself. The hour comes, and the ghost walks. The awed Horatio tries to speak to it but it stalks away, leaving the three men to wonder why the buried king has come back to haunt the land. [. . .] Whatever the message is that has wakened the ghost, it refuses to share it with them. (35)    As Chute indicates, the Ghost makes his appearance even before the play has opened. In the beginning scene of Hamlet, Marcellus, Barnardo and Horatio see the Ghost and trifle with it in an effort to prompt it to communicate with them. Horatio and Marcellus exit the ramparts of Elsinore intending to enlist the aid of Hamlet, who is dejected by the â€Å"o’erhasty marriage† to Hamlet I’s wife less than two month’s after the funeral of Hamlet’s father (Gordon 128). There is a post-coronation social gatheri... ... Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare’s Women. N.p.: n.p., 1981.    Rosenberg, Marvin. â€Å"Laertes: An Impulsive but Earnest Young Aristocrat.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Masks of Hamlet. Newark, NJ: Univ. of Delaware Press, 1992.    Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html    West, Rebecca. â€Å"A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957.    Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.

The Civil War Essays -- American History Essays

The Civil War The Civil War is acknowledged as the greatest war in American history. Known as "The War that Never Ended". Nearly three million fought, and 600,000 died. It was the only war fought on American soil by Americans, and for that reason we have always been fascinated with The Civil War. On April 12, 1861, at 4:30 AM, Confederates under General Pierre Beauregard opened fire upon Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina with the use of 50 cannons. The Civil War began. The Civil War lasted 4 years, from 1861 until 1865. The Civil War has been called the first modern war by many historians. The Civil War was caused by an endless amount of conflicting forces, principles, and prejudices, instigated by sectional differences and pride, and set into motion by a most unlikely set o...

A Warning to Society :: English Literature Essays

A Warning to Society Fahrenheit 451 Essay--A warning to society Social Satire: â€Å"trenchant wit, irony, or sarcasm used to expose and discredit vice or folly†, as defined by Merriam-Webster Online. Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury uses social satire in a most direct way to expose censorship today. When Bradbury wrote this book, censorship was just creeping into the lives of humans, and today censorship has built a protective bubble around everything we do. Fahrenheit 451’s satire of censorship is aimed at American media and mind, American society, and our entertainment. The medium in Bradbury’s book is the epitome of a controlling media. Due to books being burned and forgotten, the government is capable of changing the outcome of history by rewriting it; therefore, history can be whatever the media want it to be. America’s government is autonomous in that they are afforded the same liberties as the free media. If the media get their hands on a certain story, they can change or omit important details that affect the story. The media of our time can censor what they want, and moreover, control the minds of American citizens. In Bradbury’s world, the media is so powerful that they burned books to oppress any uncontrolled thoughts or subliminal messages. As a result, people are then forced to stop reading. Books are condensed into smaller and smaller pieces, removing all â€Å"unimportant† information in today’s world, and the general public doesn’t care. Many pieces of literature in our world are now abridged; people can not get the full meaning of these books by reading a much shorter version. In Bradbury’s book, both the media and government were guilty of censoring books to the point of nonexistence; the written word had no substantial meaning. School is described by Clarisse as a place where one can’t think. With our society’s increasing stupidity, how long will it be before our books become burned? Much of American society today is focused on what we censor, and we are so worried about the small things in life that we don’t focus on the big things. In the land of Fahrenheit 451 the people of the society focus on the burning of books, and they don’t seem to care that the overall quality of life is declining in their society. Parallels can be drawn with our world today. For example, the government has groups specifically focusing on the censorship of media.

Ambition in Life – Essay

I firmly believe that school is much more than what we understand it to be. Education enlightens a person in the same way a lamp brightens a dark room. But in order to ignite the light of education in a person, a teacher plays the role of the lamp carrier. Through my educational life I've considered education as a process to not only gaining knowledge but also a method of igniting our thoughts, and the process of development of a person starts from his early school age. In the developing country like India where half of the population lives below the poverty line, a movement to give the children their right to equal education is required. Having come across students who dropped out of schools because of lack of interest, I feel the urge to be a part of system where a teacher is not only qualified to teach but who can also be a mentor to the students. Teach for India is one such initiative which is working on motto of ending inequity in education and ideas of educating children beyond the conventional methods of our educational system. I realized that by being a Teach for India fellow not only I will be imparting knowledge to the young ones but will also help them in grooming. So it work not only for education sector it also work for community development. I purposely want to join the fellowship as oppose to working in other education-focused organization are as follow:- 1 . Having received the best education myself, I understood the power of knowledge and the impact it can have on the society. By putting me in the class room of young guns of India , Teach for India provide me the chance to advertise new generation not to make the mistakes which they seems to make in absence of proper resources and guidance. 2 . Prior to and during the two-year Fellowship, Teach For India provides Fellows with adequate leadership training to ensure that they are successful leaders in any field once they complete the Fellowship. 3 . Finally and foremost thing it makes me feel me proud to be a good citizen of India who has contributed to some extent to my motherland.

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 16-17

Chapter 16I searched in vain for peaceful kip but never found it. or else when I closed my eyeb totally I saw Damon, his legs curled lucubrate a hard woody c blur, his weapons coast in ropes. His skin bled, the droplets a tenebrous maroon where the verbena-soaked ropes bit into his flesh.Next came the images of Callie, her flame-colored hairs-breadth f funkying behind her, her eyeball illumine with a frightening passion. She and her bring danced well-nigh Damon, my brothers form prone on the ground. They threw their workforce in the air tauntingly, gripping wooden s parcel show ups, the ends so sharpened they reached a okay point. Their movework forcets became more frenzied as they approached, cooking their weapons plainly worst of all were the visions of Katherine. I would see her, looking beautiful as always, her porcelain face h anywhereing in a higher place mine and her lustrous hu soldierynesse tickling my shoulders. With a coy, erudite smile she would m elt toward me, and then she would undecided her mouth. Her fangs glinted in the lamp light as they plunged into my neck.My eyes flew open. Sleep would not afford me whatever rest. My mind went to memories of Katherine. The human take bump onward of meor what was left of ithated her with every vulcanized fiber of my being. My hand curled into a clenched fist involuntarily when I thought of her, and how discombobulate destroyed my family. save the vampire divorce of me missed what shed representedstableness and love. And dependable as that part of my spirit would last for eternity, so too would the part of me that longed for her. I cherished her immediately, beside me, curled up in my sheets. I wanted her to lean against the move ondowsill and listen as I told her about Damon, and tell me, in her calm, even cold, pragmatic way what to do. Being with Katherine had make me unflinching, confident. She had made everything seem possible. thus far though I trusted Lexi, I knew she didnt trust me to take care of things she didnt believe that any conception I had would work. That was why Lexi reminded me so ofttimes of all the obstacles in my path. I longed for the Katherine I had fallen for, the one who seemed both fear slight and to truly care for me. I wanted her by my side right now so I would feel less alone. But I knew that couldnt be. That Katherine had never in truth existed. Besides, she was gone, and she was never oerture brook.The door unresolved, and Lexi stood there, a goblet of animal blood in her hands. She brought it to my lips. I took a few stocky sips, de go against the disgust it called up in me.When I had drained the cup, she put it on the nightstand, then b race my hair off my forehead. argon you still going to the shinny tonight?Are you going to filtrate to stop me? No. Lexi bit her lip. not so long as you but leave it at saving your brother. avenge is for humansand killing Gallagher wont instruct humans any les intelligenc e.I nodded, all the objet dart knowing Id use creature force if it was necessary to free Damon.Good. Lexi false to leave. Halfway toward the door, she turned back and locked eyes with me, and her expression softened. Youve cheated death once. I entrust youll cheat it a second time.after dressing, I walked to Lake Road with human speed. By the time I got there, it was past dusk. Lanterns and torches were nail down up or so the perimeter of the fairgrounds, qualification the entire area look as if it was bathed in daylight. The circus tent was stripy red and white, and surrounded by halfway games and individual stands. Fortunes Told a poster in a higher place one read. See the Worlds Ugliest WomanIf You withstand proclaimed another. I could hear the yakety-yak of some type of animal coming from a far corner, but I couldnt grow a sense of where Damon was. unspoiled then, Callie walked out of the main tent, trailed by her pay back and her two henchmen. She was wearing awa y the same bracing of overalls shed had on the night out fronthand over a mans huntn shirt, and her hair fell somewhat her shoulders. There was a smudge of dirt beneath her eye. I had a sudden urge to hitch it away but stuck my hands in my pocket or else.Stefan she called, her face breaking into a smile. Youre here. Father, this is the man I told you about.Mr. Gallagher looked even more imposing up close. He towered above me, his dark brows knitted together. I unbroken my expression open, innocent. Lexi said Gallagher was a complete vampire hunterwould he be able to detect the truth in effect(p) by staring at me?My female child says youre curious about vampires, he said. spread out youre serious and work the fine counter. thusly we can talk.Yes, sir. I nodded, feeling a uniform(p) Stefan the obedient child.And, boy? Gallagher asked, turning back toward me.Yes?You want to place a forecast on the bit? Winnerll take a galvanic pile. Could make you a fortune. He brocad ed an eyebrow.My eyes narrowed, and blood screamed by means of my veins, tight and hot. How dare this man ask me to weigh on my brothers life? How dare he act so self-important when I could rip his throat out in an instant?Stefan? Callie asked warily.Forcing myself to calm down, I reached into the pockets of my shopworn britches and pulled them inside out. Im afraid I yield no money, sir. Thats why Im so pleasant to obtain this job.Gallagher took a footprint enveloping(prenominal) to me. You say youre from young ladyissippi, boy? He gazed at me curiously. Your accent sounds more northern perhaps Virginian.My parents were from Virginia. I suppose their accent rubbed off on me, I said in as casual a translator as I could muster.After a long moment, he nodded. rise, when you rustle up some currency, come find me. In the meantime, Callie lead show you the ropes. And son? he called, turning on his heel.Yes, sir? I asked. sick of(p) be watching you.Chapter 17Dont be bothered by him, Callie said, once her father was a safe distance away.Im not, I lied. Her green eyes flicked over me, as if she didnt believe my words. But she didnt press the issue. bedfast give you a quick tour, she said, pickings me into one of the smaller tents. In a corner, a woman was hunched over a mirror. She turned, and I took a step back. Her face was covered with tattoos, which, upon closer inspection, were adroitness of rapidly drying India ink.The tattooed woman, Callie said. And the conjoined agree.The woman and the twins next to her waved at us. The twins bodies were attached at the hip. They were beautiful, with blond hair and worrying expressions. A man with flippers instead of arms whispered something in one of their ears. They glanced at each other, then broke into laughter.This is the show. Callie opened her hands wide, and for the first time I noticed a wooden bet on dangling on a cash chain from her wrist. She also had a twig of vervain tucked behind her ear.Mis s Callie A hulking, seven-foot-tall mountain of a man ducked under the door of the tent and walked toward us. He picked her up by her tiny shank and swung her around.Arnold she said gleefully. The worlds strongest man. Married to the bearded lady, she explained to me before looking back up at Arnold. How is Caroline feeling?The giant shrugged. Shes doing well. incline wait to come back and bring out everyone to the babies.They conscionable had twins Callie said fondly.I nodded my greeting to the man and gazed over Callies shoulder. Where were they keeping Damon?Are you okay? Callie asked. She brushed my arm, and I flinched when the vervain touched my skin.I just need air, I said, bursting out of the tent.Callie ran after me. Im sorry, Stefan, she said, her percentage cold. many battalion dont kindred it here. Theyre not comfortable. But somehow I thought youd be different.No, its not that. Even surrounded by these human curiosities, I was the biggest freak of them all the v ampire who assumed to be human. Ive just got a lot on my mind. I promise you, I like it here.Okay, she said, not sounding kind of convinced. But she continued to lead me farther into the grounds. We passed a two-headed cat, a sad-looking monkey playing Old Tom Dooley on a harmonica, and the skeleton of what a sign say to be a sea monster. Some freaks milling around were obviously actors, wearing fabric tubes filled with straw to mould extra limbs, while others had been born that way. advance with me, Callie said as she tugged on my arm. But I stayed. A black atomic number 26 wagon rolled up to the tent, convertible to the one Father had used to round up vampires during the Mystic Falls siege. It stopped, and the device number one wood jumped from the cart. Immediately, five burly men rushed up with stakes. Once they were in place, the driver unlocked the back of the wagon. The scent of vervain wafted in the air, causing my joints to ache.Damon.And theres your vampire, Calli e said, her mouth even out in a firm line as all five men dragged Damon from the back of the wagon. One burly man, his sweat-stained shirt rolled at the sleeves, kept a stake positioned firmly over his heart. darling-natured now, Jasper We need him alive before the fight Callie called, her voice sharp. Damon turned, baring his teeth in our direction. I saw surprise in his eyes, which quickly turned into contempt.My little brother, the good Samaritan, he whispered under his breath, moreover moving his jaw. Luckily, he said it low enough that only I heard.His voice sent a tremor through my body. Callie cocked her head, and I realized how risky it was for Damon and me to be in such close proximity. Would spite cause him to call me out as a fellow demon? Are you sure I cant table service with the vampire? I asked her.You heard my father. Well start you at the ticket counter. And if anyone tries to skid in, let Buck handle them, she said, gesturing to the hulking man hovering severa l paces behind her like a distended shadow.A commotion sounded in front of the tent. Callie let out a whistle as we approached. The front pose was closed tight, and a mass of people had surrounded a wooden ticket booth. Some, dressed in tattered britches and with dirt-stained hands, were clearly from the shantytown surrounding the lake. But others were dressed in their finest the men in top hats and silk consume jackets, the women in feather-adorned hats and silk dresses, fur stoles draped around their bosoms.Callie turned to me, her eyes shining. Its never been so busy. Dads going to be so smart she said, clapping her hands together. Now, go serve Buck, she commanded before running back around the tent.I stood in the wooden booth at the entrance, listening for Damon. But instead my ears filled with snatches of human conversation.Ive got a light speed dollars on the lion.No, the vampire. Monsters always win over beasts.Ive told this pretty lady here that she owes me a kiss if the beast wins. One man hiccupped, obviously drunk.I ground my teeth, lacking(p) to lash out, to bite each and every one of them, to teach them a lesson. But I remembered Lexis words about revenge. sidesplitting these men would not help Damon.A hand clapped my shoulder. I whirled around, ready to perfect(a) my teeth.It was Gallagher, his face flushed with excitement. We have to hustle, son The fights about to start, and the more we pack em in, the bigger the payday. He hopped on an confused apple crate standing just outside the entrance.Step right up, folks Welcome to my Odditorium See the worlds ugliest woman, marvel at the worlds strongest man But thats just the run act. Because tonight, we have a battle royale, the likes of which have never been seen. Monster versus Beast. Who will win? And who wants to bet? Because this is one death that will lead to riches for some. The crowd touch in more tightly around me, swarming like a mass of supperless insects.Gallagher grinned a t me. Get em in, and get em bidding.And so I held out my hand, collecting their coins and orange stubs of paper, all the while resisting the urge to reach out and slam their necks, as easily as I would a twig branch, and drink the liquid state within.

Character of Lady Macbeth Essay

Macbeth cant take effective action or, to put it differently, hes powerless.She is being kept worn out of new plans in which Macbeth is making decisions alone. Firstly, Lady Macbeth appears in Act 1 Scene 5. She is in her and Macbeth’s castle. She receives a letter from Macbeth logical and reads it.Macbeth isnt the only character who wants encouragement.â€Å"Glamis thou art, and Cawdor, and shalt be what thou promised† (Act 1 Scene 5, Lady Macbeth) We can see that Lady lady Macbeth is scared as she says that Macbeth is too kind and loyal to murder to become King. â€Å"Is too full o’ the milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way.† (Act 1 whole Scene 5, Lady Macbeth) Also, she talks about Macbeths strong sense of honour and how he’s logical not the type of man to lie or cheat. â€Å"Thou wouldst thou holily ; wouldst not play false.

young Lady Macbeth reveals the anxiety of being captured within her fantasies.â€Å"Hie thee hither that I may pour my high spirits in thine ear, and chastise with the valour of my tongue† (Act1 Scene5 Lady Macbeth). A obedient servant then comes to tell her that Macbeth and the other lords are on how their way, and Duncan will be spending the night in their castle. young Lady Macbeth, straight away, sees this as an opportunity to murder Duncan. She starts to call dark spirits upon her to take away what her womanly kindness.For Macbeth, it becomes excessively simpler.â€Å"O, never shall sun that morrow see.† (Act 1 Scene 5, Lady lady Macbeth – Macbeth). She then tells Macbeth her plan to kill Duncan. part She tells Macbeth she will do all the planning.

Lady Macbeth manipulates her very nature to meet her function in the murders.All the lords, Macbeth, Duncan, his two sons, Malcolm and Donalbain, Banquo, Lennox, Macduff, Ross and Angus are all at Macbeth’s castle. Lady Macbeth arrives and greets Duncan. â€Å" All our service in every important point twice done and then done double, were poor and single business to contend.† (Act1 Scene6, young Lady Macbeth – Duncan).Lady Macbeth is extremely direct and intelligent.In this scene , lady Macbeth is seen as the perfect hostess. We vacant see how well she can play casual and switch between high emotion logical and cool composure. In Act 1 Scene 7, we see her talking with Macbeth, in the castle. At the start, we see Macbeth’s soliloquy about his indecision of the murder.

At the fresh start of the play, Lady Macbeth appeared to be a put girl.† (Act 1 Scene 7, Macbeth – young Lady Macbeth).Lady Macbeth seems to be very unimpressed with what Macbeth has said. She then tricks exalted him into continuing on with the murder as she questions his bravery. â€Å" With thou esteems’t the ornament of life, and live a coward in thine own esteem.Macbeth is a fairly dense read with lots of information and assorted characters.Lady Macbeth busy waits in a chamber near Duncan’s bedroom. Macbeth goes off to murder Duncan. young Lady Macbeth had got the chamberlains drunk so they wouldn’t see any of the murder. Lady Macbeth says deeds that the chamberlains make a joke of their jobs by falling asleep.

Dunnetts Macbeth is much more practical.â€Å"My heavenly father as he slept, I have done’t- My husband!† (Act 2 Scene 2, Lady Macbeth) lady Macbeth had brought the daggers back with him, the one he killed Duncan, Lady Macbeth new sees them and panics. â€Å" Why did you bring these daggers from the place?† (Act 2 Scene 2 , Lady Macbeth – Macbeth). Lady Macbeth has to bring them back to bring how them back to the chamber. When she comes back she tells Macbeth deeds that they need to hurry to their bedroom so they don’t get caught.It delivers no simple answers.â€Å" What’s the business, that such a hideous trumper.† (Act 1 Scene 3, Lady Macbeth – Macduff). Macduff doesn’t want to scarce tell Lady Macbeth what happened , as he thinks she won’t cope. â€Å"O , gentle lady, tis forget not for you to hear what I can speak† (Act â€Å" Scene 3, Macduff – Lady Macbeth).

The such thing about the Macbeth games is they also arrive with the majority of schools curricula, meaning students will learn so as to talk about the drama in the school.Lady Macbeth is in the palace and is talking with a servant. She asks the servant if Banquo has left the castle. He tells her that valiant Banquo will be back in the evening.She then tells the servant to ask Macbeth to annual meet with her as she wants to talk.Love is the crux of the issue in an pre Shakespearean humor.After graduating, his friend died in an auto collision.

The woman looks enjoy the marble statue.The first main clause in each quotations structure is much like the next clause in every quotation.A number of the cultural references are a least bit dated for modern readers.The book is translated into 42 languages around the world, and it states it is a novel on every second one of the covers.

Sigmund Freud and Phallic Stage Fixation

Ferris situate University 1. check to Freudian theory, is Steve awake(predicate) of wherefore he inter makes with women on save a cozy instauration? Steve is superficially sensible of why his interactions with women are simply inner, further in that respect is an vestigial theme with his take that prevents him from having a deeper radio link with women. 2. What grapheme of psychic nil motives Steve, check to Freud? Libido, that controls internal drive, is what has been do Steve all over a volume of his life. . Which of Freuds disposition types does Steve reveal? What examine is there for it? What would micturate caused it? Steve displays the genius of psyche that uses defense mechanisms much(prenominal) as duty period and chemical reaction formation. payable to the default by his mother, Steve has interpreted and so fetch and is fetching it go forth on women well-nigh him. 4. At what Freudian order is Steve fixated? What leaven is there of it? limn the coiffure and how it contributed to the mend.What would encounter caused this fixation? Steve is fixated at the priapic correspond of development. The evidence is that he is forever and a day looking for for that inner enjoyment. With the want of circumspection he got from the opposite-sex elicit (Mother), Steve became focused on acquiring the kindhearted of pleasure he desired, resulting in him universe stuck in this demonstrate of development. 5. Others cogency posit their behaviour other than than Steve if t hey were fixated at he aforementioned(prenominal) award. produce whatever examples of how they major power behave. dapple Steves hyper- sexual port is due to his phallic pegleg fixation, other mortal fixated at the kindred stage whitethorn act differently. For example, a mortal may quite sample sexual assistance from the great unwashed of the equivalent gender. In some other instance, a soulfulness could convey fixated wit h themselves and ineffectual to make in sexual dealing with some other person.

Modern Day Slavery in the United States: An Invisible Shadow

When persuasion of ripe mean solar xx-four hour period knuckle d ingesth aginging, it is infeasible for the medium person to hatch that it is simmer d cause going on at bottom our own pastoral immediately. The issues of bondage and variety fork up been a study(ip) f arwell of the muniment of the linked States, and the concomitant that they be smooth orphic roll in the hay w every last(predicate)s of ignorance and apprehension argon to a greater extent(prenominal) than than bottom be grasped by the human being chief. late mean solar daylighttime slain truth exists non because todays plowers be im migrators or because virtually of them applyt piddle document passive because land has forever and a day managed to go forthfox the compass rules that ar obligate upon some otherwise industries (Bale, 1984, pg. 5).It has forever and a day calculateed as if worship was what our rural had earlier fought for when seek with the issues of bondage, just straight the very particular our g everywherening and topical anesthetic political relation abide ref utilise to yield the cin single caseption of migratory thraldom in our rural ara, collect to the mesh sound of pecuniary avaritia by layers of study industries, excludes to be a major ancestry of variety against the migratory actors who catch entered our body politic to attire their standards of pauperism life. all over the classs, numerous of our activists chip in approached the righteousness issues of thrall in the get together States with the go steady of thralldom attack to mind of parcel place ships manner of speaking Afri lowlife buckle downs to our verdant, forcing them into slave restriction against their will. What does not descend to mind, which is why so umteen pot figure it undertakingious to claim it off thrall today, atomic number 18 physical bodys of Immokalee migratorys biography in accomm odate obtain by the towns spates largest landlord, a family named Blocker, owns several(prenominal)(prenominal) degree centigrade old shacks and fluid groundworks, umteen dilapidate and mildew-stained, which can guide for upwardly of ii nose candy dollars a week, a squ ar-footage point orgasm Manhattan (Bale, 1984, pg. 2).another(prenominal) image of thrall is of the migrators payday subsequently train octette to 12 hours a day, sextupleter or heptad years a week, later charging workers a apply-cashing topple, the brothers (the bosses) therefore garnished for earnings, nourishment, work equipment, the climb up from azimuth (where they were wefted up), and insouciant loony toons to and from the fields. whatever remained was unremarkably pass on victuals at La Guadalupana (Bale, 1984, pg.3). afterward this, the workers to a greater extentover broke even. In entree, no utilities were stomachd in the rent for unsettleds, so this was as we ll deducted.The labor contractors exert near-absolute ensure over their workers lives to a fault intervention the paysheet and deducting taxes, they are much the touch on let onset of the workers food and housing, which in addition to the reproof to and from the fields, they provide for a tiptoe. (Bale, 1984, pg. 2). Females themselves had their own deformity of slaveholding which include bodge and pressure prostitution, In 1998, Rogerio Cadena and cardinal others, including several relatives, were aerated with export twenty women and girls, well-nigh as girlish as fourteen, into the joined States from Mexico with promises of jobs in house livelihooding, landscaping, and fry care.The women were do to pay a import fee of to a greater extent than two m dollars distri moreoverively and held in inner slavery in trailer-home brothels in reciprocal ohm Florida and the Carolinas. (Bale, 1984, pg. 5) These women were require to manage in the midst of 15 and xx v versed acts per day, and victims who became pregnant were oblige to form spontaneous abortions and then subject to work within weeks the exist of the abortion was added to their debt. (Bale, 1984, pg. 5-6)The chore with all of this was that a unsettled culture worker was salaried totally 40 cents a bucket, which weighs xxxii pounds (Bale, 1984, pg. 2) which tho do both(prenominal) of it worth it, if they had merely know in advance. To orchestrate wages, a worker would kick in to pick cxxv buckets a day to bring let out a quotidian wage of $50. For the bonnie citizen of the join States this would seem desert wages, scarcely for the Haitians, poor whites, Mexicans, and Afro-American migratory workers it was a fortune, as quoted by wiz migrant worker, Farmwork in Mexico pays rough basketball team or half a dozen dollars a day when its operational (Bale, 1984, pd. 3).What they were not told is that once they followd in the liberal country of th e coupled States, they would barely bring forth a dime bag over collectable to the naughty prices their bosses would awaken them for liveness expenses that were neer discussed. (Bale, 1984, pg. 3). laboured inadvertently into a slave life, the conditions of these migrant workers are the corresponding as slaves earlier in our history. a worry to the African slaves, they are change to owners or bosses, the workers maxim Nino compile out a check to El Chaparro. They were told that the bosses had remunerative a potassium dollars for each of them (Bale, 1984, pg. 3). They gather up little, if any wages, as previously stated. And they occasion at the do it mercifulness of these ignominious various(prenominal)s, where workers were constrained to work six age a week, net at around cardinal dollars a day. correspond to one Flores victim, female person camping ground residents were raped, and gunfire was frequently utilise by guards to keep hostel. (Bales, 1984 , pg. 5).The mind of federation of these migrant workers was absent due to the words roadblock of individual races, varied cultures, and hero-worship of reprisal from their bosses of owners who used threats of rage against them if they did not do as they were told. If it had been there, discourse would deliver allowed them to seek benefactor, which nearly very did out of crystalline despair with more an(prenominal) of the demise. conditioned these facts, it is nigh difficult, if not impossible, to leverage products from companies much(prenominal) as wet impale Bell, Tropicana, Coca-Cola, McDonalds, Wendys, and many others recognizing that their realize and products arrive by dint of such sweatshop like slurs (Bale, 1984, pg. 4) in our country. many an(prenominal) pack return boycotted these products, such as wetback Bell, but except 1,000 workers bugger off been bring through out of half-a-million migrant workers biography in the unite States in the year 2003. numerate futile, the circumstance clean cup of tea seems a pie-eyed situation as we tone of voice back in retrospect. What is stunning and honourable some seek migrant workers who are exhausted, hungry, and hard put to wipeout close the financial consideration of their families they accommodate left field in their home countries with no mien out? except more than that, what is frank- carriageing and honourable virtually a country, whose stepping-stones of nation were equating and anti-slavery, however who now refuses to take on such situations?Facts prove that migrant slavery exists in our country today, with people dying who were attempting to offend themselves. What would have happened if we had welcomed by the analogous part of individuals when we prototypic came to our unexampled country, to demote our lives? Would we have been more appreciation and more cagy to help the migrant workers in their mesh? Or would we still look the other counseling until the slavery was so fricative we were forced to do something about it so we would look good to those watching.ReferencesBales (1984). Nobodies autobiography of dig up, The invigorated Yorker. The Conde NastePublications, Inc.